Ambient Radiation Hazard Assessment and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk Estimation Across Five Active Solid Mineral Mining Sites
An independent radiological baseline survey was commissioned across five active solid mineral extraction sites in Kogi State, Nigeria — spanning gold, feldspar-mica, limestone, iron ore, and coal deposits — to characterise ambient background ionising radiation and quantify occupational and community health risk against ICRP and UNSCEAR international benchmarks.
Using calibrated Radalert 100 and Digilert 200 nuclear radiation monitors deployed at standardised height across GPS-referenced sampling grids (Garmin GPSMAP 76S), ODEIS measured background ionising radiation across all five jurisdictions and derived absorbed dose rates, Annual Effective Dose Equivalents (AEDE), and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) indices for each mine site and its surrounding host community.
Absorbed dose rates across all sites (159.7–251.9 nGy/h) exceeded the world permissible average of 89 nGy/h. ELCR values of 0.86–1.35 × 10³ exceeded the world permissible value at all sites, with coal and feldspar-mica zones presenting the highest long-term radiological burden on resident populations. A geospatial radiation contour map was produced for the entire study region, identifying high-exposure zones and informing targeted intervention priorities. Annual effective dose equivalents remained within safe absolute thresholds across all sites, providing a defensible basis for community reassurance and regulatory reporting.
Findings established site-specific radiological baselines, informed occupational exposure monitoring requirements under ALARA principles, and provided evidence-based guidance for regulatory engagement on mining community health impacts. Results were benchmarked against peer studies from the Niger Delta, Benue State, and South Western Nigeria, providing authoritative comparative context for national-level policy assessment.